The energy from the big bang expelled last, with short wavelengths and low frequency, underwent the redshift created by the expansion of the universe. These photons were redshifted until they underwent particle formation. This happened to a number of wavelengths. Possibly to the peak, or equilibrium point, of the space/energy exchange curve (a black body curve.) The particles are sub-quarks, with a full positive or negative charge. Particles that did not have enough energy to support the value of space they displaced become banded together in groups that jointly had enough energy to support the value of space displaced. Sub-quarks, with either a full positive or negative charge, banded together in a variety of ways to form quarks. One negative sub-quark makes an electron. One negative quark makes a muon. A muon is two negative sub-quarks and one positive sub-quark. Two positive sub-quarks and one negative sub-quark would be one positive 1/3 quark. That would be three sub-quarks banded together. Two more positive sub-quarks and one more negative sub-quark would be a positive 2/3 quark. One positive sub-quark and two negative sub-quarks would be a negative 1/3 quark. The quarks banded together to form the elementary particles. For a proton; two u quarks and one d quark, two positive 2/3 quarks and one negative 1/3 quark makes one positive proton. The quarks shouldered the compression in groups to form particles. The particles banded together to form atoms.
Particle Formation
Black: black hole
Red: red-shift
Orange, yellow, and black: sub-quarks
Orange 3rd row: positive 1/3 quark
Orange 4th row: positive 2/3 quark
Orange 5th row: negative 1/3 quark
Orange 6th row: proton
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